Aesthetic finishes affect the appearance of the fabric and include such properties as the drapability, lustre, surface appearance or texture. For example some may become rigid whilst others become softer. Some fabrics maybe shiny and smooth whilst others may become textured and dull. These finishes make fabric look better, feel better, or both—helping designers create attractive and stylish textiles.
Some finishes are applied as a coating to provide weather protection, reflective properties, sheens and holographs. These finishes include wax and synthetic resins that are applied to the surface of the fabric or applied via transfer paper and fixed onto the fabric by putting it in a curing oven.
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These finishes improve the appearance, hand feel, and texture of the fabric.
a. Shearing
A machine trims loose surface fibres to make the fabric surface smooth and even.
b. Brushing
Brushes raise the fibres on the surface, giving a soft, fuzzy texture.
Used for: flannel, fleece, velour.
c. Mercerizing
Cotton treated with caustic soda (NaOH).
Results:
✔ Increases strength
✔ Improves dye uptake (more brilliant colours)
✔ Gives lustre
d. Calendering
Fabric is passed between heated rollers.
Effects:
✔ Smooth and glossy surface
✔ Creates patterns or embossed effects
(Temporary in many cases)
e. Puckering (Plissé Finish)
Fabric treated with chemicals (often caustic soda) to shrink certain areas, creating crinkled or puckered effects.
Popular for summer dresses and shirts.
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Basic Finishes of Fabric
Removes impurities like oils, waxes, dirt, and sizing materials.
